Possible obstacles to widespread adoption of white space technology include the need to have Internet-capable devices that can be reliably charged (although solar panels can address some problems with poor electricity grids), the WSDs to access the Internet in the first place, and enough wifi hotspots to alleviate congestion and slow speeds on shared networks. The amount of infrastructure investment required means that smaller countries and organizations may miss out, or that corporations will try to fill the niche with for-profit services. Additionally, increasing business needs for more Internet access (from smartphones all the way up to "smart grids" and "smart cities") may push governments to restrict, license or sell currently available white spaces. (This is probably why Google and Microsoft have a vested interest in lobbying governments and proving the technology works).

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